杰克·罗斯福·罗宾森（英语：Jack Roosevelt Robinson，1919年1月31日－1972年10月24日），暱称杰基·罗宾森（Jackie Robinson），是美国职棒大联盟现代史上第一位非裔美国人（美国黑人）球员，在1947年4月15日罗宾森穿着42号球衣以先发一垒手的身分代表布鲁克林道奇队上场比赛，之前黑人球员只被允许在黑人联盟打球。虽然美国种族隔离政策废除已久，但无所不在的种族偏见仍强烈左右着社会各个阶层，因此杰基罗宾森踏上大联盟舞台的这段时日，被公认为近代美国民权运动最重要的事件之一。

Jack Roosevelt "Jackie" Robinson (January 31, 1919 – October 24, 1972) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) second baseman who became the first African American to play in the major leagues in the modern era. Robinson broke the baseball color line when the Brooklyn Dodgers started him at first base on April 15, 1947. The Dodgers, by playing Robinson, heralded the end of racial segregation that had relegated black players to the Negro leagues since the 1880s. Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962.