1, the federal government would start to cut out the banks and issue loans directly to students.

1日，联邦政府将开始切断银行，直接向学生发放贷款。

Plus, the FT's James Kynge tells us why China has been issuing bailout loans to countries in its overseas lending programme.

英国《金融时报》的詹姆斯·金格 (James Kynge) 告诉我们为什么中国一直在向其海外贷款计划中的国家发放救助贷款。

That's because the companies issuing these loans don't want to have their costs lifted any higher than they have been already.

那是因为发放这些贷款的公司不想让他们的成本提高到比现在更高的水平。

Hamilton argued that a central bank would stimulate commerce by issuing loans, but the Jeffersonians were sceptical and viewed them as institutions which benefited northern merchants at the expense of southern farmers.

汉密尔顿认为， 中央银行可以通过发放贷款来刺激商业，但杰斐逊派对此表示怀疑， 并认为中央银行是让北方商人受益而牺牲南方农民利益的机构。

In December 1790, Hamilton proposed to establish a central bank which could issue a uniform currency, expand the money supply when required, issue loans to public and private entities, collect revenues and hold government funds.

1790年12月， 汉密尔顿提议建立一个中央银行， 可以发行统一货币，在需要时扩大货币供应量，向公共和私人实体发放贷款，收取收入并持有政府资金。