星系（英语：galaxy），或译为「银河」，源自于希腊语的「γαλαξίας」（galaxias）。广义上星系指无数的恒星系（当然包括恒星的自体）、尘埃（如星云）组成的运行系统。参考我们的银河系，是一个包含恒星、星团、星云、气体的星际物质、宇宙尘和暗物质，并且受到重力束缚的大质量系统，通常距离都在几百万光年以上。星系平均有数百亿颗恒星，是构成宇宙的基本单位。。典型的星系，从只有数千万（10）颗恒星的矮星系到上兆（10）颗恒星的椭圆星系都有，全都环绕着质量中心运转。除了单独的恒星和稀薄的星际物质之外，大部分的星系都有数量庞大的多星系统、星团以及各种不同的星云。

A galaxy is a gravitationally bound system of stars, stellar remnants, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter. The word galaxy is derived from the Greek galaxias (γαλαξίας), literally "milky", a reference to the Milky Way. Galaxies range in size from dwarfs with just a few thousand (10) stars to giants with one hundred trillion (10) stars, each orbiting its galaxy's center of mass. Galaxies are categorized according to their visual morphology as elliptical, spiral and irregular. Many galaxies are thought to have black holes at their active centers. The Milky Way's central black hole, known as Sagittarius A*, has a mass four million times greater than the Sun. As of March 2016, GN-z11 is the oldest and most distant observed galaxy with a comoving distance of 32 billion light-years from Earth, and observed as it existed just 400 million years after the Big Bang. Previously, as of July 2015, EGSY8p7 was the most distant known galaxy, estimated to have a light travel distance of 13.2 billion light-years away.