国际放射防护委员会（International Commission on Radiological Protection: ICRP）是从专家的角度研究核辐射对人体的伤害以及提出忠告和相关预防措施的非盈利国际学术组织。目前世界上很多国家依据ICRP的建议制定与核辐射有关的法令法规。

ICRP的前身是由国际放射联合（ International Society of Radiology）创建的国际X射线和镭保护委员会（International X-ray and Radium Protection Committee）。 1950年改为现有名称。

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is an independent, international, non-governmental organization, which provides recommendations and guidance on radiation protection.

It was founded in 1928 by at the second International Congress of Radiology in Stockholm, Sweden and was then called the International X-ray and Radium Protection Committee (IXRPC). In 1950 it was restructured to take account of new uses of radiation outside the medical area, and given its present name.