数据完整性（Data integrity）是信息安全的三个基本要点之一，指在传输、存储信息或数据的过程中，确保信息或数据不被未授权的篡改或在篡改后能够被迅速发现。在信息安全领域使用过程中，常常和保密性边界混淆。以普通RSA对数值信息加密为例，黑客或恶意用户在没有获得密钥破解密文的情况下，可以通过对密文进行线性运算，相应改变数值信息的值。例如交易金额为X元，通过对密文乘2，可以使交易金额成为2X。也称为可延展性（malleably）。为解决以上问题，通常使用数字签名或散列函数对密文进行保护。

Data integrity refers to maintaining and assuring the accuracy and consistency of data over its entire life-cycle, and is a critical aspect to the design, implementation and usage of any system which stores, processes, or retrieves data. The term data integrity is broad in scope and may have widely different meanings depending on the specific context – even under the same general umbrella of computing. This article provides only a broad overview of some of the different types and concerns of data integrity.