HIV, like all viruses, is just an instruction set -- malware.

像所有病毒一样，HIV 只是一个指令集——恶意软件。

The Mark 1's instruction set was so primitive, there weren't even JUMP instructions.

Mark 1 的指令集非常原始，甚至没有 JUMP 指令。

Now, our example CPU and instruction set is hypothetical, designed to illustrate key working principles.

现在，我们的示例 CPU 和指令集是假设的，旨在说明关键工作原理。

But this amputated instruction set can do something very special.

但是这个被截断的指令集可以做一些非常特别的事情。

In an already infected cell, this amputated instruction set can hijack the hijacker.

在一个已经被感染的细胞中，这个被截断的指令集可以劫持劫持者。

So instruction sets tend to keep getting larger and larger keeping all the old opcodes around for backwards compatibility.

因此，指令集往往会变得越来越大，保留所有旧的操作码以实现向后兼容性。

Now, high clock speeds and fancy instruction sets lead to another problem - getting data in and out of the CPU quickly enough.

现在，高时钟速度和奇特的指令集导致了另一个问题——足够快地让数据进出 CPU。

If we can take the virus and engineer it to amputate the genetic material in blue here, this amputated instruction set can no longer hijack a cell.

如果我们可以利用病毒并对其进行工程改造以截断此处蓝色的遗传物质，则这种截断的指令集将无法再劫持细胞。

These extensions to the instruction set have grown, and grown over time, and once people have written programs to take advantage of them, it's hard to remove them.

这些指令集的扩展随着时间的推移不断增长，一旦人们编写了程序来利用它们，就很难删除它们。

And this huge growth in instruction set size is due in large part to extra bells and whistles that have been added to processor designs overtime, which we'll talk about next episode.

指令集大小的这种巨大增长在很大程度上是由于加班加点地添加到处理器设计中的额外功能，我们将在下一集中讨论。

This genetic material directs the hijacking process, converting that cell into a factory first to make more copies of the instruction set, and then all the other components of the virus and assemble them into a particle.

这种遗传物质指导劫持过程，首先将该细胞转化为工厂以复制更多指令集， 然后将病毒的所有其他成分组装成一个粒子。