工业革命（英语：Industrial Revolution），又称产业革命，更准确的说是第一次工业革命，一个起点约于1760年代，一直持续到1830年代至1840年代的历史时期。在这段时间里，人类生产逐渐转向新的制造过程，出现了以机器取代人力、兽力的趋势，以大规模的工厂生产取代个体工场手工生产的一场生产与科技革命。由于机器的发明及运用成为了这个时代的标志，因此历史学家称这个时代为机器时代（the Age of Machines）。马克思主义史家将它视为资本主义工业化的早期历程，即资本主义生产完成了从工坊手工业向机器工业过渡的阶段。

The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, improved efficiency of water power, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system. Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested; the textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods. The Industrial Revolution began in the United Kingdom and most of the important technological innovations were British.