学位服，亦被称作学位袍、毕业袍，由四方帽、流苏、学位袍、垂布等四部分构成，只指一种由获得学位人士具备资格穿着的庆典服饰，包括博士、硕士以及学士学位。

学位服饰的历史起源于12世纪，即大学正在形成的时期。早期大学中的学者都是传教士，他们的穿着应与其在修道院的地位相一致，身着长袍，用帽子保护他们的头。于是，这种僧侣的黑色长袍和帽子演变成了今天大学的礼服，不但学校毕业典礼的仪式上要穿，其他一些重大庆典也要穿。

在英格兰亨利八世时代，牛津大学和剑桥大学首先开始规范学位服饰，学位服饰在美国的流行始于哈佛大学（1636年），中国大陆现代学位服始于二十世纪中期左右。

Academic dress is a traditional form of clothing for academic settings, mainly tertiary (and sometimes secondary) education, worn mainly by those who have been admitted to a university degree (or similar), or hold a status that entitles them to assume them (e.g., undergraduate students at certain old universities). It is also known as academical dress, academicals, and, in the United States, as academic regalia.