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单词 Idiospermum
释义

Idiospermum

中文百科

奇子树

Trunk in cultivationLeaves and trunk in cultivationFlower starting to open

奇子树是奇子树属(又名澳樟属)中的唯一种,生长在澳大利亚昆士兰州热带雨林中,一般为10-100株一起聚居在雨林中低洼潮湿区域,是1亿2千万年前出现的原始被子植物。

奇子树是常绿乔木,一般为20-30米高;单叶对生或3-4个螺旋排列,12-25厘米长,5-9厘米宽;花的直径为4-5厘米,花萼红色,虫媒,两性,但有半数的花没有雌蕊;果实为核果,直径8厘米,分为3-4瓣,有毒。

奇子树的种子可以生长3-4个子叶,一个种子可以出多个芽,种子对绝大多数动物都有巨毒,但澳大利亚的特有麝香小袋鼠可以食用它。

最早奇子树是19世纪被伐木工人发现的,1902年德国植物学家路德维格·丹尼尔(Ludwig Diels)将其分类到腊梅科,但原发现地已经被砍伐清理成甘蔗田了,所以被认为已经绝种了,直到1972年,由于当地牲畜被奇子树种子毒死,才重新被发现,澳大利亚植物学家S·T·布拉克将其单独分为一个科—奇子树科,属于樟目,1981年的克朗奎斯特分类法维持这种分类,1998年根据基因亲缘关系分类的APG 分类法不承认这个科,将本属划入腊梅科。

英语百科

Idiospermum 奇子树

Trunk in cultivationLeaves and trunk in cultivationFlower starting to open

Idiospermum is a genus containing a single species of tree, Idiospermum australiense, found in Australian tropical rainforests. Scientists recognise them as one of the species of the earliest known lineages to have branched out from the first flowering plants and still living today. Since as long ago as 120 million years, they continue living today only in the Daintree and Wet Tropics rainforests region of north-eastern Queensland. They grow naturally only (endemic) in very few locations in north-eastern Queensland (e.g. in Daintree National Park), in the very wet lowland parts of the forest, in groups of 10-100 trees together (rather than scattered individuals). Common names include Ribbonwood and Idiot Fruit (Hyland et al. 2010).

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更新时间:2025/6/18 16:30:01