用户身份模块（Subscriber Identity Module，SIM），通常称为“SIM卡”，是主要用于存储用户身份识别数据、短信数据和电话号码的智能卡。

SIM卡主要用于GSM网络、W-CDMA网络和TD-SCDMA网络，但是兼容的模块也可以用于IDEN电话。有人把CDMA2000和cdmaOne的RUIM卡和UIM卡，也称作SIM卡，虽然两者作用类似，并遵守了一样的所有机械、电气标准和部分软件标准，但是上层应用并不一定兼容。

SIM由CPU、ROM、RAM、EEPROM和I/O电路组成。用户使用SIM时，实际上是手机向SIM卡发出命令，SIM卡应该根据标准规范来执行或者拒绝；SIM卡并不是单纯的信息存储器。

A subscriber identity module or subscriber identification module (SIM) is an integrated circuit chip that is intended to securely store the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) number and its related key, which are used to identify and authenticate subscribers on mobile telephony devices (such as mobile phones and computers). It is also possible to store contacts on many SIM cards. SIM cards are always used on GSM phones; for CDMA phones, they are only needed for newer LTE-capable handsets. SIM cards can also be used in satellite phones.