伊恩·道格拉斯·史密斯，GCLM，ID（英语：Ian Douglas Smith，1919年4月8日－2007年11月20日），津巴布韦及前罗德西亚政治家，1964年4月至10月任南罗德西亚总理，1964年10月至1979年6月改任罗德西亚总理，任内于1965年11月11日发表《单方面独立宣言》，宣告放弃英国自治殖民地的身份独立，以设法维持白人少数管治，其后又在1970年宣布成为共和国。史密斯单方面从英国独立的行动未有得到国际承认，联合国更对罗德西亚实行经济制裁。

史密斯是在南罗德西亚土生土长的非洲白人，早年参与第二次世界大战，从南非罗德兹大学毕业后返回南罗德西亚经营农场。他在1948年投身政坛，当选南罗德西亚立法议会议员，1953年起改任罗德西亚与尼亚萨兰联邦立法议会议员，到1962年参与创立罗德西亚人阵线，并成功当选重返南罗德西亚立法议会，历任财政部长等职。史密斯在1964年4月取代温斯顿·菲尔德出任南罗德西亚总理，是历来首位出任总理的本土人士。

Ian Douglas Smith, GCLM, ID (8 April 1919 – 20 November 2007) was a politician, farmer and fighter pilot who served as Prime Minister of Rhodesia (or Southern Rhodesia) from 1964 to 1979. His country's first native-born premier, he led the predominantly white government that unilaterally declared independence from the United Kingdom in 1965, following prolonged dispute over the terms. He remained Prime Minister for almost all of the 14 years of international isolation that followed, and oversaw Rhodesia's security forces during most of the Bush War, which pitted the unrecognised administration against communist-backed black nationalist guerrilla groups. Smith, who has been described as personifying white Rhodesia, remains a highly controversial figure—supporters venerate him as a man of integrity and vision "who understood the uncomfortable truths of Africa", while critics describe an unrepentant racist whose policies and actions caused the deaths of thousands and contributed to Zimbabwe's later crises.