Patients with a very busy anterior insula reacted well to medication -- a drug called Lexapro.

前脑岛很忙碌的患者对名叫Lexapro的药物反应最慢。

Some of them rely on specific brain areas, like the prefrontal cortex, thalamus, or anterior insula.

其中一些依赖于特定的大脑区域，如前额叶皮层、丘脑或前脑岛。

The researchers found that one area of the brain -- called the anterior insula -- seemed to predict which treatment would work.

研究者发现名为“前脑岛”的大脑区域似乎能预测出哪种疗法有效。

When we look at art, there's activation in a region called the anterior insula, which is involved in the conscious experience of emotions.

当我们看艺术品时，一个叫做前岛叶的区域会被激活，这个区域与情绪的有意识体验有关。

Studies have shown that people seeing images of others in pain experience activity in the anterior cingulate cortex and the anterior insula, areas of the brain that process pain.

研究表明， 当人们看到他人疼痛的图像时，前扣带皮层和前脑岛（大脑中处理疼痛的区域）会出现活动。

Brain regions such as the substantia nigra involved in reward processing or the anterior insula involved in the visceral experience of emotion or brain regions in the inferior frontal gyrus that are involved in autobiographical memories.

大脑区域，如参与奖赏处理的黑质或参与情绪内脏体验的前岛叶，或参与自传体记忆的额下回大脑区域。

Recent research that looked at the structural brain images of 34 patients — 17 of them having narcissistic personality disorder, or NPD — found that the patients with NPD had less gray matter volume in their brain's left anterior insula.

最近的研究观察了34名患者的大脑结构图像，其中17名患有自恋型人格障碍（NPD），发现NPD患者大脑左前岛的灰质体积较少。