灯眼鱼科（学名Anomalopidae）是辐鳍鱼纲金眼鲷目的其中一科。

灯眼鱼科下分4个属，如下：

Anomalopidae (lanterneye fishes or flashlight fishes) are a family of beryciform fish. Some unrelated fish with similar features are also called flashlight fish.

Flashlight fish live in tropical waters across the world. Some species move to shallow waters or coral during the night, but otherwise, they are exclusively deep water fish. They are typically about 14 cm (5.5 in) in adult length, although some species reach twice this size. They feed on small crustaceans. Flashlight fish are named for their large bioluminescent organs. These are located beneath the eyes and contain luminous bacteria. Two methods are used by different species for controlling light emission, either a shutter-like lid is raised over the organ or the organ is turned downward into a pouch. The light is used for predator avoidance, to attract prey, and for communication.