蜂房或者蜂窝是蜜蜂所建巢穴里的构造，由众多正六边形的蜂蜡巢室所组成。蜂巢里除了蜜蜂之外，还有它们的幼虫，并保存蜂蜜和花粉。而马蜂亚科（Polistinae）和胡蜂亚科（Vespinae）的胡蜂所创建的蜂巢则是用纸所造成的，而非蜂蜡。

养蜂家会拆掉整个蜂巢去获取蜂蜜。蜂蜜的提取可以透过打开蜂房取出巢板，然后把它放进分离蜂蜜的离心机里旋转。另外，有时候新的蜂巢会以不加人工的蜂巢蜂蜜形式售卖，尤其是用来涂面包的蜂蜜；烹调或加入茶调味的蜂蜜则以提取液形式售卖。

孵化蜜蜂幼虫的蜂巢经过一段时间后，会渐渐变得昏暗，因为茧会嵌进巢室，并留下很多足迹，当看见这些在蜂巢蜂蜜框上，养蜂家称为「活动污迹」（Travel Stain）。「巢板」（Honey Super）上的蜂巢因为不能用来孵化蜜蜂幼虫，所以便会保持光亮颜色。

A honeycomb is a mass of hexagonal wax cells built by honey bees in their nests to contain their larvae and stores of honey and pollen.

Beekeepers may remove the entire honeycomb to harvest honey. Honey bees consume about 8.4 lb (4 kg) of honey to secrete 1 lb (500 g) of wax, so it makes economic sense to return the wax to the hive after harvesting the honey, commonly called "pulling honey" or "robbing the bees" by beekeepers. The structure of the comb may be left basically intact when honey is extracted from it by uncapping and spinning in a centrifugal machine—the honey extractor. If the honeycomb is too worn out, the wax can be reused in a number of ways, including making sheets of comb foundation with hexagonal pattern. Such foundation sheets allow the bees to build the comb with less effort, and the hexagonal pattern of worker-sized cell bases discourages the bees from building the larger drone cells.