月眼鱼科为辐鳍鱼纲骨舌鱼目的其中一科，部分分类法将本科独立为一目，其下仅有一属：

• 月眼鱼属（Hiodon）
  • 似鲱月眼鱼（Hiodon alosoides）
  • 背甲月眼鱼（Hiodon tergisus）

The mooneyes are a family, the Hiodontidae, of ray-finned fish comprising two living and three extinct species in the genus Hiodon. They are large-eyed, fork-tailed fish that physically resemble shads. Their common name comes from the metallic gold or silver shine of their eyes.