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单词 Highest occupied molecular orbital
释义

Highest occupied molecular orbital

中文百科

HOMO/LUMO HOMO/LUMO

(重定向自Highest occupied molecular orbital)

HOMOLUMO分别指最高占据分子轨道Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital)和最低未占分子轨道Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital)。根据前线轨道理论,两者统称前线轨道。HOMO与LUMO之间的能量差称为「能带隙」,有时可以用来衡量一个分子是否容易被激发:带隙越小,分子越容易被激发。

在有机半导体和量子点中的HOMO与无机半导体中的价带类似,而LUMO则与导带类似。

当分子二聚或高聚时,两个分子的分子轨道之间的相互作用会引起HOMO与LUMO的分裂。当分子相互作用时,每一个能级分裂成彼此能量相距很小的振动能级。当有足够的分子使得这种相互作用足够强烈时(如在高聚物中),这些振动能级的差距变得很小,使得它们的能量几乎可以看成是连续的。这时我们就不再叫它们能级了,而是改称能带

英语百科

HOMO/LUMO HOMO/LUMO

(重定向自Highest occupied molecular orbital)
Diagram of the HOMO and LUMO of a molecule. Each circle represents an electron in an orbital; when light of a high enough frequency is absorbed by an electron in the HOMO, it jumps to the LUMO.
Orbitales frontera de un alqueno genérico

HOMO and LUMO are acronyms for highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, respectively. The energy difference between the HOMO and LUMO is termed the HOMO–LUMO gap. HOMO and LUMO are sometimes referred to as frontier orbitals. The difference in energy between these two frontier orbitals can be used to predict the strength and stability of transition metal complexes, as well as the colors they produce in solution.

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更新时间:2025/6/18 0:51:06