环己巴比妥(Hexobarbital、hexobarbitone)是一种具有镇静和催眠效果的巴比妥衍生物。在20世纪40至50年代用于外科手术麻醉，因为它起效快、催睡时间短并且代谢迅速。但使用环己巴比妥很难控制麻醉的深度，故有时非常危险。现时采用的麻醉药物更加安全，在巴比妥类药物中，戊硫代巴比妥代替了环己巴比妥。但有时巴比妥仍被用于科学研究中。

Hexobarbital or hexobarbitone, sold both in acid and sodium salt forms as Citopan, Evipan, and Tobinal, is a barbiturate derivative having hypnotic and sedative effects. It was used in the 1940s and 1950s as an agent for inducing anesthesia for surgery, as well as a rapid-acting, short-lasting hypnotic for general use, and has a relatively fast onset of effects and short duration of action. Modern barbiturates (such as Thiopental) has largely supplanted the use of hexobarbital as an anesthetic, as they allow for better control of the depth of anesthesia. Hexobarbital is still used in some scientific research.