异担子菌亚纲（Heterobasidiomycetes）或胶质菌（jelly fungi），是真菌下属担子菌门的一类。

异担子菌亚纲的真菌其担子中有分隔，所以也为称为有隔担子亚纲。

此纲包括常见的“黑木耳”、“银耳”等品种。

Heterobasidiomycetes, including jelly fungi, smuts and rusts, are basidiomycetes with septate basidia. This contrasts them to homobasidiomycetes (alternatively called holobasidiomycetes), including most mushrooms and other Agaricomycetes, which have aseptate basidia. The division of all basidiomycetes between these two groups has been influential in fungal taxonomy, and is still used informally, but it is no longer the basis of formal classification. In modern taxonomy homobasidiomycetes roughly correspond to the monophyletic class Agaricomycetes, whereas heterobasidiomycetes are paraphyletic and as such correspond to various taxa from different taxonomic ranks, including the Basidiomycota other than Agaricomycetes and a few basal groups within Agaricomycetes.