角分辨率

$Airy diffraction patterns generated by light from two points passing through a circular aperture, such as the pupil of the eye. Points far apart (top) or meeting the Rayleigh criterion (middle) can be distinguished. Points closer than the Rayleigh criterion (bottom) are difficult to distinguish.$

$Log-log plot of aperture diameter vs angular resolution at the diffraction limit for various light wavelengths compared with various astronomical instruments. For example, the blue star shows that the Hubble Space Telescope is almost diffraction-limited in the visible spectrum at 0.1 arcsecs, whereas the red circle shows that the human eye should have a resolving power of 20 arcsecs in theory, though normally only 60 arcsecs.$

瑞利准则，或瑞利判据（Rayleigh criterion）表示了一个光学仪器的角分辨度（Angular resolution），最早由瑞利提出。

衍射限制了透镜的分辨度。透镜的口径，可以视为单狭缝的二维版本。经过狭缝的光波干涉，形成所谓的爱里衍射图样。这引致图像模糊。圆孔衍射的光强可写成：

$I( \theta ) = I_0 ( \frac{2 J_1 (k R \sin \theta ) }{k R \sin \theta} )^2$

其中 $R$ 是圆孔半径， $k = 2 \pi / \lambda$ ， $\lambda$ 是光波长。 $J_1(x)$ 是贝塞尔函数。 $J_1(x)=0$ 的最小正实数解是 $x = 3.83$ ， $I(\theta)=0$ 的最小正实数解就是

这表示了若透镜和两个对象之间的夹角少于 $\theta$ ，透镜的观察者便无法分辨出有两个对象。

空间分辨度（spatial resolution）：单镜望远镜最小能观察到的对象的直径是 $l = 1.220 \frac{f \lambda}{2 R}$ ，其中 $f$ 是焦距。

单词	Angular resolution
释义	Angular resolution 原声例句 VOA慢速英语_科技 The images were made public on Monday by a team of scientists involved in a project called Physics at High Angular resolution in Nearby Galaxies (PHANGS). 周一，一个名为“邻近星系高角分辨率物理学”的项目下的科学家团队公开了这些图像。 PBS太空科学 The way you get finer and finer detail, better angular resolution out of telescopes is you build a bigger diameter aperture. 从望远镜中获得越来越精细的细节、更好的角分辨率的方法是建立更大直径的孔径。中文百科角分辨率 $Airy diffraction patterns generated by light from two points passing through a circular aperture, such as the pupil of the eye. Points far apart (top) or meeting the Rayleigh criterion (middle) can be distinguished. Points closer than the Rayleigh criterion (bottom) are difficult to distinguish.$ $Log-log plot of aperture diameter vs angular resolution at the diffraction limit for various light wavelengths compared with various astronomical instruments. For example, the blue star shows that the Hubble Space Telescope is almost diffraction-limited in the visible spectrum at 0.1 arcsecs, whereas the red circle shows that the human eye should have a resolving power of 20 arcsecs in theory, though normally only 60 arcsecs.$ 瑞利准则，或瑞利判据（Rayleigh criterion）表示了一个光学仪器的角分辨度（Angular resolution），最早由瑞利提出。衍射限制了透镜的分辨度。透镜的口径，可以视为单狭缝的二维版本。经过狭缝的光波干涉，形成所谓的爱里衍射图样。这引致图像模糊。圆孔衍射的光强可写成： $I( \theta ) = I_0 ( \frac{2 J_1 (k R \sin \theta ) }{k R \sin \theta} )^2$ 其中 $R$ 是圆孔半径， $k = 2 \pi / \lambda$ ， $\lambda$ 是光波长。 $J_1(x)$ 是贝塞尔函数。 $J_1(x)=0$ 的最小正实数解是 $x = 3.83$ ， $I(\theta)=0$ 的最小正实数解就是这表示了若透镜和两个对象之间的夹角少于 $\theta$ ，透镜的观察者便无法分辨出有两个对象。空间分辨度（spatial resolution）：单镜望远镜最小能观察到的对象的直径是 $l = 1.220 \frac{f \lambda}{2 R}$ ，其中 $f$ 是焦距。英语百科 Angular resolution 角分辨率 $Airy diffraction patterns generated by light from two points passing through a circular aperture, such as the pupil of the eye. Points far apart (top) or meeting the Rayleigh criterion (middle) can be distinguished. Points closer than the Rayleigh criterion (bottom) are difficult to distinguish.$ $Log-log plot of aperture diameter vs angular resolution at the diffraction limit for various light wavelengths compared with various astronomical instruments. For example, the blue star shows that the Hubble Space Telescope is almost diffraction-limited in the visible spectrum at 0.1 arcsecs, whereas the red circle shows that the human eye should have a resolving power of 20 arcsecs in theory, though normally only 60 arcsecs.$ Angular resolution or spatial resolution describes the ability of any image-forming device such as an optical or radio telescope, a microscope, a camera, or an eye, to distinguish small details of an object, thereby making it a major determinant of image resolution.
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Angular resolution

角分辨率

Angular resolution 角分辨率