豪斯多夫维又称作豪斯多夫-贝塞科维奇维（Hausdorff-Besicovitch Dimension）或分维（fractional dimension），它是由数学家豪斯多夫于1918年引入的。通过豪斯多夫维可以给一个任意复杂的点集合比如分形（Fractal）赋予一个维度。对于简单的几何目标比如线、长方形、长方体等豪斯多夫维等同于它们通常的几**度或者说拓扑维度。通常来说一个物体的豪斯多夫维不像拓扑维度一样总是一个自然数而可能会是一个非整的有理数或者无理数。

Hausdorff dimension is a concept in mathematics introduced in 1918 by mathematician Felix Hausdorff, and it serves as a measure of the local size of a set of numbers (i.e., a "space"), taking into account the distance between each of its members (i.e., the "points" in the "space"). Applying its mathematical formalisms provides that the Hausdorff dimension of a single point is zero, of a line is 1, and of a square is 2, of a cube is 3. That is, for sets of points that define a smooth shape or a shape that has a small number of corners—the shapes of traditional geometry and science—the Hausdorff dimension is a counting number (integer) agreeing with a dimension corresponding to its topology. However, formalisms have also been developed that allow calculation of the dimension of other less simple objects, where, based solely on its properties of scaling and self-similarity, one is led to the conclusion that particular objects—including fractals—have non-integer Hausdorff dimensions. Because of the significant technical advances made by Abram Samoilovitch Besicovitch allowing computation of dimensions for highly irregular sets, this dimension is also commonly referred to as the Hausdorff–Besicovitch dimension.