鲍鱼，古称鳆，又名镜面鱼、九孔螺、明目鱼、将军帽，（美式英文：abalone, 英式英文：ormer）是一种海生软件动物，属于腹足纲鲍科的单壳海生贝类。栖石质河岸，以藻类为食。

鲍鱼除了是海中的软体动物外，亦是中国传统的名贵食材，古称鳆鱼，山珍海味中的一种。汉朝王莽就爱吃鳆鱼。曹操喜欢吃鳆鱼，曹操死后，曹植曾向徐州刺史臧霸要二百只来祭祀。 鲍鱼通常在水温度稍低的海底出产。出产地有日本北部、中国东北部、广东南海北部湾、北美洲西岸、南美洲、南非、澳洲等地。公认最佳产地为日本（干鲍）及墨西哥（罐头鲍）。宋朝时日式鲍鱼已输入中国，时称“倭螺”，苏轼有《鳆鱼行》诗：“东随海舶号倭螺，异方珍宝来更多。”。由于多年的滥捕，鲍鱼的产量正逐年减少。

Haliotis, common name abalone (US) or ormer (UK), is the only genus in the family Haliotidae.

This genus used to contain 6 subgenera. These subgenera have become alternate representations of Haliotis.[4] The genus consists of small to very large edible herbivorous sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs. The number of species recognized worldwide ranges between 30 and 130 with over 230 species-level taxa described. The most comprehensive treatment of the family considers 56 species valid, with 18 additional subspecies.[8]