笈多王朝（320年－540年）是以恒河流域中下游为基地的大帝国，曾统治印度次大陆中的许多地区，是印度历史上其中一个最兴盛的时期，称为印度的黄金时代，在历史上占有重要地位。笈多王朝的和平及富裕使得百姓可以在致力于科学及艺术的发展，在科技、工程、艺术、辩证法、文学、逻辑学、数学、天文学、宗教及哲学上都有许多的成就，这些也是印度教文化的重要成份。

笈多王朝著名的国王有旃陀罗·笈多一世、海护王沙摩陀罗·笈多及超日王旃陀罗·笈多二世。四世纪的梵语诗人迦梨陀娑认为笈多王朝打败了约二十一个王国，有在印度境内的，也有在其他地区的，这些王国包括塞族王国、Huna人、柬埔家、在阿姆河谷东西的部族、Kinnara王国, 基拉塔人等。

The Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire, founded by Sri Gupta, which existed at its zenith from approximately 320 to 550 CE and covered much of the Indian subcontinent. The peace and prosperity created under the leadership of the Guptas enabled the pursuit of scientific and artistic endeavours. This period is called the Golden Age of India and was marked by extensive inventions and discoveries in science, technology, engineering, art, dialectic, literature, logic, mathematics, astronomy, religion, and philosophy that crystallized the elements of what is generally known as Hindu culture. Chandragupta I, Samudragupta, and Chandragupta II were the most notable rulers of the Gupta dynasty. The 4th century CE Sanskrit poet Kalidasa credits the Guptas with having conquered about twenty one kingdoms, both in and outside India, including the kingdoms of Parasikas, the Hunas, the Kambojas, tribes located in the west and east Oxus valleys, the Kinnaras, Kiratas etc.