英雄史观或是别称为“天才史观”。是历史学观点中认为历史都是由伟人、帝王将相等少数精英人士所创造的，否认人民群众在历史上所扮演的重要角色，英雄史观是唯心主义的一种表现。

由于历史上许多重要的君王、军事将领或是伟大思想家往往对历史发展生起了很大的作用，无论中西这种史观都有存在于各自的历史著作上。例如：古希腊的盲眼诗人荷马所撰的《荷马史诗》把永生的神和凡人杂揉在一块，即是充斥着英雄主义的代表，所以历史家柯灵乌（Robin Collingwood）才会认为荷马的史诗只能称得算是一部半历史（Quasi-history）。

The Great Man theory is a 19th-century idea according to which history can be largely explained by the impact of "great men", or heroes; highly influential individuals who, due to either their personal charisma, intelligence, wisdom, or political skill utilized their power in a way that had a decisive historical impact. The theory was popularized in the 1840s by Scottish writer Thomas Carlyle. But in 1860 Herbert Spencer formulated a counter-argument that has remained influential throughout the 20th century to the present: Spencer said that such great men are the products of their societies, and that their actions would be impossible without the social conditions built before their lifetimes.