高效液相色谱法（英语：high performance liquid chromatography，缩写 HPLC），又译高效液相层析法，以前曾指高压液相层析法（high pressure liquid chromatography），是一种色谱分析技术，用来分离混合物，以确认并量化各个成分的比例。它依赖泵加压样品以令其通过填充有吸附剂的压力柱，导致样品的各个成分因而分离。高效液相色谱法常用于生物化学和分析化学。

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC; formerly referred to as high-pressure liquid chromatography), is a technique in analytical chemistry used to separate, identify, and quantify each component in a mixture. It relies on pumps to pass a pressurized liquid solvent containing the sample mixture through a column filled with a solid adsorbent material. Each component in the sample interacts slightly differently with the adsorbent material, causing different flow rates for the different components and leading to the separation of the components as they flow out the column.