棉酚（Gossypol）是一种存在于棉花的棉籽及棉根皮中的多酚类物质。

黄色晶体，有三种晶形。有毒，难溶于水，微溶于石油醚，溶于稀碳酸钠溶液、氨水（同时缓慢分解）、甲醇、乙醇、乙醚、氯仿、二甲基甲酰胺。

Gossypol is a natural phenol derived from the cotton plant (genus Gossypium). Gossypol is a phenolic aldehyde that permeates cells and acts as an inhibitor for several dehydrogenase enzymes. It is a yellow pigment.

Among other things, it has been tested as a male oral contraceptive in China. In addition to its putative contraceptive properties, gossypol has also long been known to possess antimalarial properties. Other researchers are investigating the anticancer properties of gossypol.