山地大猩猩（Gorilla beringei beringei）是东部大猩猩两个亚种之一。牠们分类两群：一群在中非维龙加山脉的四个国家公园，包括乌干达西南的姆加新加大猩猩国家公园、卢旺达西北的火山国家公园、刚果民主共和国东部的维龙加国家公园及卡胡兹－别加国家公园。另一群则在乌干达的布恩迪难以穿越的国家公园，有指牠们是属于第三个东部大猩猩亚种，但却没有正式描述。

于2003年的研究中发现，自****年以来，山地大猩猩的数量上升了17%。维龙加山脉的30个社区共有380头山地大猩猩，而布温迪森林的则约有320头。但是山地大猩猩在世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录中仍是处于极危情况。由于失去栖息地、捕猎、人类疾病及战争，牠们正面临灭绝的高度危险。于2007年9月3日发生劳伦特·恩孔达及刚果军队之间的冲突，令处于刚果处的山地大猩猩失去保护而面临威胁。

The mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) is one of the two subspecies of the eastern gorilla. There are two populations. One is found in the Virunga volcanic mountains of Central Africa, within three National Parks: Mgahinga, in south-west Uganda; Volcanoes, in north-west Rwanda; and Virunga in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). It is listed as critically endangered by the IUCN. The other is found in Uganda's Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. Some primatologists consider the Bwindi population in Uganda may be a separate subspecies, though no description has been finalized. As of September 2015, the estimated number of gorillas remaining is less than 900.