铁路货车，泛指任何可供载货的铁路车辆，货车车厢有很多不同的种类，以适应在不同的场合使用。最初出现的货车是普通的棚车，车体就像是箱子一样，左右两侧有可以打开的敞门。
常见的铁路货车类型包括敞车、棚车、平车、罐车、保温车等。

Goods wagons or freight wagons (North America: goods cars or freight cars) are unpowered railway vehicles that are used for the transportation of cargo. A variety of wagon types are in use to handle different types of goods, but all goods wagons in a regional network typically have standardized couplers and other fittings, such as hoses for air brakes, allowing different wagon types to be assembled into trains. For tracking and identification purposes, goods wagons are generally assigned a unique identifier, typically a UIC wagon number, or in North America, a company reporting mark plus a company specific serial number.