乙二醛是一个有机化合物，化学式为OCHCHO，由两个醛基-C_-H相连。它是最简单的二醛，室温下为黄色液体。

工业上，乙二醛可由乙二醇在银或铜催化下的气相氧化，或用硝酸溶液氧化乙醛制得。实验室中，乙二醛是通过用亚硒酸氧化乙醛制取。无水乙二醛可由固态水合物与五氧化二磷共热制得。

Glyoxal is an organic compound with the chemical formula OCHCHO. It is a yellow-colored liquid that evaporates to give a green-colored gas. Glyoxal is the smallest dialdehyde (two aldehyde groups). Its structure is more complicated than typically represented because the molecule hydrates and oligomerizes. It is produced industrially as a precursor to many products.