氨基葡萄糖（C₆H₁₃NO₅）又称葡萄糖胺、葡糖胺或氨基葡糖，是葡萄糖的一个羟基被氨基取代后的化合物。氨基葡萄糖是蛋白质或脂类糖基化反应中的重要前体。氨基葡萄糖衍生物N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖是甲壳素的单体，甲壳素广泛存在于节肢动物的外骨骼以及真菌的细胞壁之中。另一种衍生物N-乙酰基胞壁酸是组成细菌细胞壁的主要成分。氨基葡萄糖是自然界含量最丰富的单糖之一。工业上通常采用水解甲壳类动物外骨骼制取氨基葡萄糖。氨基葡萄糖经常被用于骨关节炎的膳食辅助治疗，但是疗效仍然有一定争议。

Glucosamine (C₆H₁₃NO₅) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. Glucosamine is part of the structure of the polysaccharides chitosan and chitin, which compose the exoskeletons of crustaceans and other arthropods, as well as the cell walls of fungi and many higher organisms. Glucosamine is one of the most abundant monosaccharides. It is produced commercially by the hydrolysis of crustacean exoskeletons or, less commonly, by fermentation of a grain such as corn or wheat. Glucosamine appears to be safe for use as a dietary supplement; effectiveness has not been established for any condition. In the US it is one of the most common non-vitamin, non-mineral, dietary supplements used by adults.