GSM
![The GSM logo is used to identify compatible handsets and equipment. The dots symbolize three clients in the home network and one roaming client.[1]](/uploads/202501/15/GSMLogo.svg0303.png)


GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications, originally Groupe Spécial Mobile), is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile phones, first deployed in Finland in July 1991. As of 2014 it has become the default global standard for mobile communications - with over 90% market share, operating in over 219 countries and territories.