啮齿动物（学名：Glires）是一个包含了啮齿目和兔形目（兔、野兔和鼠兔）的演化支。对啮齿动物是一个单系群的假定，长久以来都存在着很大的争议，尽管最近的形态学研究强烈地支持啮齿动物是单系群的。尤其是，基本成员新的化石发现填补了啮齿目和兔形目之间的裂缝。细胞核DNA的数据支持啮齿动物是灵长动物的旁系群，且两者组成灵长总目，但有些从细胞核和粒线体DNA得出的基因数据却对此论点较少支持。一份对逆转位子存在/消失的研究则无疑地支持了啮齿动物的假定。

灵长总目内的假定关系如下：

啮齿目

兔形目

树鼩目

皮翼目

更猴目†

Glires (Latin glīrēs, dormice) is a clade (sometimes ranked as a grandorder) consisting of rodents and lagomorphs (rabbits, hares, and pikas). The hypothesis that these form a monophyletic group has been long debated based on morphological evidence, although recent morphological studies strongly supports the monophyly of Glires (Meng and Wyss, 2001; Meng et al., 2003). In particular, the discovery of new fossil material of basal members of Glires, particularly the genera Mimotona, Gomphos, Heomys, Matutinia, Rhombomylus, and Sinomylus, has helped to bridge the gap between more typical rodents and lagomorphs (Meng et al., 2003; Asher et al., 2005). Data based on nuclear DNA support Glires as a sister of Euarchonta to form Euarchontoglires (Murphy et al. and Madsen et al. 2001), but some genetic data from both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA have been less supportive (Arnason et al. 2002). A study investigating retrotransposon presence/absence data unambiguously supports the Glires hypothesis (Kriegs et al. 2007).