胶质细胞增生为在中枢神经系统受损处，星形胶质细胞的大量增生。星状细胞为相对较大的一种胶质细胞，具有多种功能，并会在神经元受损处堆积。脑中特定部位的胶质细胞增生及神经元的失去常被发现于各种神经退化性疾病（neurodegenerative disorder），例如科尔萨科夫氏症候群（Korsakoff's syndrome）、多发性硬化症及爱滋病痴呆综合症（AIDS dementia complex）。

维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：胶质细胞增生

Gliosis is a nonspecific reactive change of glial cells in response to damage to the central nervous system (CNS). In most cases, gliosis involves the proliferation or hypertrophy of several different types of glial cells, including astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. In its most extreme form, the proliferation associated with gliosis leads to the formation of a glial scar.