归尔甫派和吉伯林派（英语：Guelphs and Ghibellines）又称教皇派与皇帝派，是指位于中世纪意大利中部和北部分别支持教皇和神圣罗马帝国的派别。12和13世纪双方的分裂在意大利城邦历史上对其邦内政策起到重要影响。教皇与神圣罗马帝国的权力斗争开始于1075年的叙任权斗争，止于1122年的沃尔姆斯宗教协定。不过，归尓甫派和吉伯林派之间的分别在意大利一直持续到15世纪。

所谓“归尔甫”（Guelph）即是韦尔夫（Welf）的意大利式称呼；而“吉伯林”（Ghibellines）则是魏布林根（Waiblingen）的意大利式称呼，魏布林根当时是施瓦本公爵霍亨施陶芬家族的康拉德三世的城堡。

The Guelphs and Ghibellines (/ɡwɛlfs/, /ˈɡɪbəliːnz/ or /ˈɡɪbəlaɪnz/; Italian:guelfi e ghibellini) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of central and northern Italy. During the 12th and 13th centuries, the split between these two parties was a particularly important aspect of the internal policy of medieval Italy. The struggle for power between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire had arisen with the Investiture Controversy, which began in 1075 and ended with the Concordat of Worms in 1122. The division between the Guelphs and Ghibellines in Italy, however, persisted until the 15th century.