地热能（英语：Geothermal Energy）是由地壳抽取的天然热能，这种能量来自地球内部的熔岩，并以热力形式存在，是引致火山爆发及地震的能量。地球内部的温度高达摄氏7000度，而在80至100公里的深度处，温度会降至摄氏650度至1200度。透过地下水的流动和熔岩涌至离地面1至5公里的地壳，热力得以被转送至较接近地面的地方。高温的熔岩将附近的地下水加热，这些加热了的水最终会渗出地面。运用地热能最简单和最合乎成本效益的方法，就是直接取用这些热源，并抽取其能量。

人类很早以前就开始利用地热能，例如在旧石器时代就有利用温泉沐浴、医疗，在古罗马时代利用地下热水取暖等、近代有建造农作物温室、水产养殖及烘干谷物等。但真正认识地热资源并进行较大规模的开发利用却是始于20世纪中叶，但是，现代则更多利用地热来发电。

Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter. The geothermal energy of the Earth's crust originates from the original formation of the planet and from radioactive decay of materials (in currently uncertain but possibly roughly equal proportions). The geothermal gradient, which is the difference in temperature between the core of the planet and its surface, drives a continuous conduction of thermal energy in the form of heat from the core to the surface. The adjective geothermal originates from the Greek roots γη (ge), meaning earth, and θερμος (thermos), meaning hot.