地理信息系统（英语：Geographic Information System，缩写：GIS）是一门综合性学科，结合地理学与地图学，已经广泛的应用在不同的领域，是用于输入、存储、查询、分析和显示地理数据的计算机系统，可以分为以下五部分：

GIS属于信息系统的一类，不同在于它能运作和处理地理参照数据。地理参照数据描述地球表面（包括大气层和较浅的地表下空间）空间要素的位置和属性，在GIS中的两种地理数据成分：空间数据，与空间要素几何特性有关；属性数据，提供空间要素的信息。

地理信息系统与全球定位系统、遥感系统合称3S系统。

A geographic information system or geographical information system (GIS) is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of spatial or geographical data. The acronym GIS is sometimes used for geographic information science (GIScience) to refer to the academic discipline that studies geographic information systems and is a large domain within the broader academic discipline of geoinformatics. What goes beyond a GIS is a spatial data infrastructure, a concept that has no such restrictive boundaries.