高斯模糊（英语：Gaussian Blur），也叫高斯平滑，是在Adobe Photoshop、GIMP以及Paint.NET等图像处理软件中广泛使用的处理效果，通常用它来减少图像杂讯以及降低细节层次。这种模糊技术生成的图像，其视觉效果就像是经过一个半透明屏幕在观察图像，这与镜头焦外成像效果散景以及普通照明阴影中的效果都明显不同。高斯平滑也用于计算机视觉算法中的预先处理阶段，以增强图像在不同比例大小下的图像效果（参见尺度空间表示以及尺度空间实现）。 从数学的角度来看，图像的高斯模糊过程就是图像与正态分布做卷积。由于正态分布又叫作高斯分布，所以这项技术就叫作高斯模糊。图像与圆形方框模糊做卷积将会生成更加精确的焦外成像效果。由于高斯函数的傅立叶变换是另外一个高斯函数，所以高斯模糊对于图像来说就是一个低通滤波器。

In image processing, a Gaussian blur (also known as Gaussian smoothing) is the result of blurring an image by a Gaussian function. It is a widely used effect in graphics software, typically to reduce image noise and reduce detail. The visual effect of this blurring technique is a smooth blur resembling that of viewing the image through a translucent screen, distinctly different from the bokeh effect produced by an out-of-focus lens or the shadow of an object under usual illumination. Gaussian smoothing is also used as a pre-processing stage in computer vision algorithms in order to enhance image structures at different scales—see scale space representation and scale space implementation.