尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）是镰刀菌属的一种真菌。部份尖孢镰刀菌被用来制作纳米材料（尤其是纳米银颗粒）。

尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense，又名香蕉镰刀菌）是会感染某种香蕉引起黄叶病的病原体，曾经使大米七（Gros Michel）这种香蕉绝种。

曾有「香蕉王国」美誉**旗山镇地区。于1967年就曾因黄叶病而使**香蕉外销受到极大的打击。

此菌的四个小种会侵害不同栽培品种的香蕉：

The ascomycete fungus Fusarium oxysporum  Fusarium Oxysporum  Schlecht. as emended by Snyder and Hansen comprises all the species, varieties and forms recognized by Wollenweber and Reinking within an infrageneric grouping called section Elegans. While the species, as defined by Snyder and Hansen, has been widely accepted for more than 50 years, more recent work indicates this taxon is actually a genetically heterogeneous polytypic morphospecies whose strains represent some of the most abundant and widespread microbes of the global soil microflora, although this last statement has not been proven or supported by actual data. These remarkably diverse and adaptable fungi have been found in soils ranging from the Sonoran Desert, to tropical and temperate forests, grasslands and soils of the tundra. F. oxysporum strains are ubiquitous soil inhabitants that have the ability to exist as saprophytes, and degrade lignin and complex carbohydrates associated with soil debris. They are also pervasive plant endophytes that can colonize plant roots and may even protect plants or be the basis of disease suppression. Although the predominant role of these fungi in native soils may be as harmless or even beneficial plant endophytes or soil saprophytes, many strains within the F. oxysporum complex are pathogenic to plants, especially in agricultural settings.