藤原不比等（659年－720年），奈良时代初期的公卿。官右大臣。藤原镰足次子，母为车持国子之女。

700年（文武四年）参与撰修《大宝律令》。历任大纳言、右大臣，尽力于律令政治的实施。718年（养老二年）被推为太政大臣，固辞未就。嗣修改《大宝律令》，完成《养老律令》。迁都平城京之际，乃将氏寺山阶寺移于新都，并改称兴福寺。由于后室橘三千代之力，加深与皇室的关系。女儿宫子为文武天皇夫人；光明子为圣武天皇之后，开人臣皇后之初例，为藤原氏荣华奠定基础。死后封淡海公，赠太政大臣，谥号文忠公。

Fujiwara no Fuhito (藤原 不比等: 659 – September 13, 720) was a powerful member of the imperial court of Japan during the Asuka and Nara periods. Second son of Fujiwara no Kamatari (or, according to one theory, of Emperor Tenji), he had sons by two women, and those sons were the founders of the four principal lineages of the Fujiwara clan: the South, North, Ceremonial, and Capital lineages. Also, he had four daughters by two other women. three by Kamohime, one by Tachibana no Michiyo. One daughter by Kamohime became Emperor Monmu's wife Miyako, who in turn gave birth to Emperor Shōmu. The daughter by Michiyo became the empress of his grandson Shōmu, Empress Kōmyō.