篮球位置（英语：basketball positions），篮球比赛中球员角色的一种分工。传统上，根据球员在球场的前、中、后位置，可以大致分出三个位置，包括前锋、中锋、后卫。现代篮球比赛中，场上的五名球员通常分为五个位置，包括控球后卫（PG）、得分后卫（SG）、小前锋（SF）、大前锋（PF）和中锋（C）五者。在国际篮球规则中，对于球员的角色并没有特别定义，教练也可以视情形随时改变场上球员的角色。在篮球比赛中，每个位置的责任定义也不是绝对的，球员可能同时负担多种功能，因此出现了双能卫、锋卫摇摆人、控球前锋、锋线摇摆人和中前锋的名称。

Traditionally, the 5 basketball positions normally employed by organized basketball teams were the guards, forwards, and the center. While these position names are still used, most modern teams use a point guard, two wings, and two post players, or use no specific positions at all. In order to make sense of the changes in the positional rules, five separate positions are now described: point guard (PG), shooting guard (SG), small forward (SF), power forward (PF), and center (C). The rules of basketball do not mandate them, and they are sometimes not used. Indeed, it could be said that the designation of positions is done more to satisfy broadcasters and fans than for coaches or players, and many top coaches, including Olympic coach Mike Krzyzewski choose to ignore positions altogether.