带宽（英语：Bandwidth）指信号所占据的频带宽度；在被用来描述信道时，带宽是指能够有效通过该信道的信号的最大频带宽度。对于模拟信号而言，带宽又称为频宽，以赫兹（Hz）为单位。例如模拟语音电话的信号带宽为3400Hz，一个PAL-D电视频道的带宽为8MHz（含保护带宽）。对于数字信号而言，带宽是指单位时间内链路能够通过的数据量。例如ISDN的B信道带宽为64Kbps。由于数字信号的传输是通过模拟信号的调制完成的，为了与模拟带宽进行区分，数字信道的带宽一般直接用波特率或符号率来描述。

带宽在信息论、无线电、通信、信号处理和波谱学等领域都是一个核心概念。

Bandwidth is the difference between the upper and lower frequencies in a continuous set of frequencies. It is typically measured in hertz, and may sometimes refer to passband bandwidth, sometimes to baseband bandwidth, depending on context. Passband bandwidth is the difference between the upper and lower cutoff frequencies of, for example, a band-pass filter, a communication channel, or a signal spectrum. In the case of a low-pass filter or baseband signal, the bandwidth is equal to its upper cutoff frequency.