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单词 Free Charge
释义

Free Charge

原声例句
Crash Course Physics 速成课物理

Once these free charges are at equilibrium, their acceleration is zero, which means that there are no longer any net forces acting on them.

当这些自由电子达到平衡 没有加速。也就是说,没有施加任何力。

中文百科

电极化 Polarization density

(重定向自Free Charge)

在经典电磁学里,当给电介质施加一个电场时,由于电介质内部正负电荷的相对位移,会产生电偶极子,这现象称为电极化英语:electric polarization)。施加的电场可能是外电场,也可能是嵌入电介质内部的自由电荷所产生的电场。因为电极化而产生的电偶极子称为“感应电偶极子”,其电偶极矩称为“感应电偶极矩”。

电极化强度又称为「电极化矢量」,定义为电介质内的电偶极矩密度,也就是单位体积的电偶极矩。这定义所指的电偶极矩包括永久电偶极矩和感应电偶极矩。它的国际单位制度量单位是库仑每平方米(coulomb/m),表示为矢量 P

英语百科

Polarization density 电极化

(重定向自Free Charge)
Above: an elementary volume dV = dV1+ dV2 (bounded by the element of area dA) so small, that the dipole enclosed by it can be thought as that produce by two elementary opposite charges. Below, a planar view (click in the image to enlarge).
Field lines of the D-field in a dielectric sphere with greater susceptibility than its surroundings, placed in a previously-uniform field.[6] The field lines of the E-field are not shown: These point in the same directions, but many field lines start and end on the surface of the sphere, where there is bound charge. As a result, the density of E-field lines is lower inside the sphere than outside, which corresponds to the fact that the E-field is weaker inside the sphere than outside.
Example of how the polarization density in a bulk crystal is ambiguous. (a) A solid crystal. (b) By pairing the positive and negative charges in a certain way, the crystal appears to have an upward polarization. (c) By pairing the charges differently, the crystal appears to have a downward polarization.

In classical electromagnetism, polarization density (or electric polarization, or simply polarization) is the vector field that expresses the density of permanent or induced electric dipole moments in a dielectric material. When a dielectric is placed in an external electric field, its molecules gain electric dipole moment and the dielectric is said to be polarized. The electric dipole moment induced per unit volume of the dielectric material is called the electric polarization of the dielectric.

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更新时间:2025/6/17 23:40:35