While he loathed formal lectures, the philosopher frequently engaged friends and strangers in lengthy conversations about morality and society.

他厌恶形式化教育，经常召集朋友和陌生人一起深入探讨道德与社会。

We begin the formal lecture part of this class by taking a look at the world as it was around 1500AD.

我们这节课首先来看一下1500年世界的情况。

At one time, most university teaching took the form of giving formal lectures.

曾几何时，大多数大学教学都采取正式授课的形式。