生物膜的流动镶嵌模型主要指，生物膜由蛋白质和磷脂组成，磷脂双分子层构成基本支架且具有流动性，蛋白质分子部分或全部嵌入磷脂双分子层中或者镶在磷脂双分子层表面，结构上表现为流动性，功能上表现为选择透过性，细胞膜的外表面有糖被、糖脂。

The fluid mosaic model explains various observations regarding the structure of functional cell membranes. The model, which was devised by SJ Singer and GL Nicolson in 1972, describes the cell membrane as a two-dimensional liquid in which that restrict the lateral diffusion of membrane components. Such domains are defined by the existence of regions within the membrane with special lipid and protein composition that promote the formation of lipid rafts or protein and glycoprotein complexes. Another way to define membrane domains is the association of the lipid membrane with the cytoskeleton filaments and the extracellular matrix through membrane proteins. The current model describes important features relevant to many cellular processes, including: cell-cell signaling, apoptosis, cell division, membrane budding, and cell fusion.