So there's five main buffers in the blood and in the kidney filtrate that the body can use to buffer hydrogen ions.

所以血液和肾脏滤液中有五个主要的缓冲剂，身体可以用来缓冲氢离子。

As the filtrate leaves the Bowman's capsule it flows into the renal tubule, which is surrounded by the peritubular capillaries.

滤液离开肾小囊后流入肾小管，后者被管周毛细血管网包围。

This reabsorption process allows water to pass from the glomerular filtrate back into the circulatory system.

这种再吸收过程使水从肾小球滤液进入循环系统。

Ultimately the filtrate is turned into urine and is excreted from the kidney through the ureter, into the bladder, and peed away.

最终滤液变成尿液，通过输尿管从肾脏排出，进入膀胱，再尿出。

The glomerular filtrate is not the same consistency as urine, as much of it is reabsorbed into the blood as the filtrate passes through the tubules of the nephron.

肾小球滤液与尿液的浓度不同，当滤液通过肾小管时，大部分被重新吸收到血液中。

Sometimes fluid or electrolytes can move back from the filtrate into the blood - called reabsorption, and sometimes more fluid or electrolytes can move from the blood to the fitrate - called secretion.

有时液体或电解质能从滤液回到血液中，被称为重吸收；有时更多液体或电解质从血液流入滤液，称之为分泌。

Blood gets into the kidney through the renal artery, into tiny clumps of arterioles called glomeruli where it's initially filtered, with the filtrate, the stuff filtered out, moving into the renal tubule.

血液通过肾动脉流入肾脏，一旦入肾，便进入一小团小动脉，即肾小球，开始过滤；滤液过滤出来，进入肾小管。

In these situations, the nephron tries to hold on to salt and water, so by the time filtrate has moved into the distal tubule, there's very little of both sodium and water remaining in the lumen.

在这种情况下，肾单位试图保留盐和水，所以当滤过液移入远曲小管时，只有少量钠和水留在管腔中。