黑色电影（法语：Film noir）是电影界用语，多指好莱坞侦探片，特别是强调善恶划分不明确的道德观与来自于性的动机的题材。一般认为，好莱坞经典黑色电影时期从1940年代持续至1950年代末。这个时期的黑色电影带有压抑黑白片的视觉风格，源自德国表现主义电影，同时很多典型的情节以及对经典黑色电影普遍看法来自于美国大萧条时期的犯罪小说。Film noir这个词来自法语，1946年第一次被法国评论家Nino Frank使用，主要用来描述该类风格晦暗、悲观且愤世嫉俗的此类型电影，这类电影通常将背景放在犯罪舞弊丛生的底层社会，充斥着被过去羁绊，对未来欠缺安全感正邪角色的无法自拔。但当时大部分美国电影业界人士并不了解这个概念。影史学家和评论界在事后才定义黑色电影；很多后来被认为是拍摄黑色电影的电影人声称当时并没有意识到在制作一个新类型的影片。

Film noir (/fɪlm nwɑːr/; French pronunciation: ​[film nwaʁ]) is a cinematic term used primarily to describe stylish Hollywood crime dramas, particularly such that emphasize cynical attitudes and sexual motivations. Hollywood's classical film noir period is generally regarded as extending from the early 1940s to the late 1950s. Film noir of this era is associated with a low-key black-and-white visual style that has roots in German Expressionist cinematography. Many of the prototypical stories and much of the attitude of classic noir derive from the hardboiled school of crime fiction that emerged in the United States during the Great Depression.