This medium helps identify whether Gram-negative bacteria are lactose fermenters or not.

该类培养基有助于鉴别革兰氏阴性菌是否为乳糖发酵菌。

Deeper in the depths of our gut city, the syntrophs eke out a living off the fermenters' trash.

在肠道城市的更深处，互营细菌以发酵细菌产生的废料维持生命。

These are what we call a lagar, which is a granite fermenter.

大卫：这些就是我们所说的拉加尔，它是一种花岗岩发酵罐。

Over the past couple hundred years we've learned a lot about how that chemistry works, but we're still billions of years behind Earth's original fermenters, bacteria and yeast.

在过去的几百年里，我们已经学到了很多关于化学如何运作的知识，但我们仍然落后于地球原始发酵罐细菌和酵母数十亿年。

That's because it can be way cheaper to cultivate tobacco plants in a field than to grow genetically modified yeast and other microbes indoors in large fermenters.

这是因为在野外种植烟草，比在室内大型发酵桶中培养转基因酵母和其他微生物要便宜得多。

All told, precision fermenters have raised nearly $3 billion from investors since the start of 2021. Synthetic dairy dispenses with certain undesirable aspects of milk and milk-making.

总而言之，自 2021 年初以来，精密发酵罐已从投资者那里筹集了近 30 亿美元。合成乳制品消除了牛奶和牛奶生产过程中的某些不良因素。

We envision a circular bioeconomy in which our new genetically-encoded plastics and materials are manufactured and ultimately broken down using low-energy cellular processes, taking advantage of existing bioreactors and fermenters.

我们设想了一种循环生物经济，在这种经济中，其中我们的新基因编码塑料和材料是利用现有的生物反应器和发酵罐制造出来并使用低能量细胞过程最终将其分解。