One way to look at this is through the prism of expected returns.

看待这个问题的一种方法是透过预期回报的棱镜。

Since shares are riskier than bonds, they must offer a higher expected return by way of compensation.

由于股票的风险高于债券，因此股票必须提供更高的预期收益作为补偿。

And the biggest US operators of 737 Max aircraft have again pushed back the expected return of the planes.

美国最大的737 Max运营商再次否认了该型号飞机回归的可能。

When dropouts are included, the expected financial return to starting a degree for the weakest students dwindles to almost nothing.

如果把退学者也计算在内，能力最弱的学生攻读一个学位的预期财务回报几乎趋近于零。

Caught in the middle of overwhelming competition traps and expected returns in the gutter, how should college students navigate education, mental health and their future?

身陷铺天盖地的竞争陷阱和阴沟里的预期回报，大学生该如何应对教育、心理健康和未来？

This final belief is captured by a squeezed " equity risk premium" , which measures the excess expected return investors require in order to hold risky shares instead of safer bonds.

最后一条体现为“股权风险溢价”，它衡量的是投资者持有高风险股票而非较安全的债券所需的超额预期回报。

Measuring this extra expected return is difficult, but a proxy is given by comparing the stockmarket's earnings yield (expected earnings per share, divided by share price) with the yield on safer government bonds.

衡量这种额外的预期收益很困难，但有一个替代办法：比较股票市场的收益率(预期每股的收益除以股价)和更稳妥的政府债券的收益率。

Similarly, in mid-aughts in Texas, the Llano, Texas had drawings like that as well, and so looking around for those kinds of drawings, that's one way to increase your expected return on buying a lottery ticket.

类似地，在德克萨斯州的 Llano，德克萨斯州也有这样的抽奖活动，所以四处寻找这样的抽奖，这是增加购买彩票理论上收益的一种方法。