It aims toward an understanding of the author's guiding abstractions by identifying literary concretes- the characters, events, descriptions, dialogues, and stated ideas of a narrative- and discerning their relevance to the work as a whole and its central themes.

它的目的是通过确定文学的具体内容——人物、事件、描述、对话和叙述的观点——并辨别它们与整个作品及其中心主题的相关性，来理解作者的指导性抽象。