行车记录器（英语：event data recorder, EDR）是一个安装在汽车上，用于记录驾驶状态等信息以便在交通纠纷时提供证据。在现代的柴油卡车中，车祸往往发生在发动机出现故障或车速陡然变化的时候，行车记录器便在这时候记录下数据。车祸发生后，从行车记录器上收集到的数据可以用于分析事故原因和确定责任人。这个设备具有防篡改和可读写特性，与飞机上的黑匣子作用相似。通常又称作“汽车黑匣子”（它和磁带记录器、警车上用的摄像头等不是同一类设备）。

在**，一般所谓的行车纪录器并非EDR，而是不具有纪录驾驶及车辆行驶数据的车内录像机。

An event data recorder or EDR is a device installed in some automobiles to record information related to vehicle crashes or accidents. In modern diesel trucks, EDRs are triggered by electronically sensed problems in the engine (often called faults), or a sudden change in wheel speed. One or more of these conditions may occur because of an accident. Information from these devices can be collected after a crash and analyzed to help determine what the vehicles were doing before, during and after the crash or event. The term generally refers to a simple, tamper-proof, read-write memory device.