真社会性（英语：Eusociality）是最高度组织化的动物社会性。「Eusocial」一词是1966年由苏珊·巴特拉（Suzanne Batra）所提出，而爱德华·威尔森则对此用语作了进一步的定义。在一般常见的定义里，真社会性动物具有三项共同特征：

早期只有部分无脊椎动物被归类为真社会性动物，而目前所知符合真社会性定义的物种，则分别散布在昆虫中的数个目、十足目里的枪虾科，以及一小部分的囓齿目。

Eusociality (Greek eu: "good/real" + "social"), the highest level of organization of animal sociality, is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including brood care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping generations within a colony of adults, and a division of labor into reproductive and non-reproductive groups. The division of labor creates specialized behavioral groups within an animal society which are sometimes called castes. Eusociality is distinguished from all other social systems because individuals of at least one caste usually lose the ability to perform at least one behavior characteristic of individuals in another caste.